A method and device for synthesizing zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve

The present invention belongs to the field of chemical technology, and specifically relates to a method and device for synthesizing zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve. The synthesis method of the present invention is to transform the amorphous non-metallic oxide reactant dry gel in a pressure-resistant reactor into zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve crystals by vapor-solid phase reaction in a continuously flowing guiding agent steam. The liquid hourly space velocity of the continuously flowing guiding agent steam before vaporization is 1-50hr-¹, the pressure in the pressure-resistant reactor is 0.1-1.5MP, and the reaction temperature is 100-200℃; the guiding agent steam coming out of the reactor outlet is decompressed to normal pressure and then cooled to liquid for recycling. The synthesis reaction temperature and pressure, guiding agent composition and steam flow rate of the present invention can be adjusted, the crystallization process is accelerated, the product is phase-pure, the crystal shape is perfect, and the grain size is small and uniform. The guiding agent can be recycled and reused, and there is no waste gas and waste liquid discharge, which is conducive to realizing low-cost, environmentally friendly large-scale industrial production.

1. A method for synthesizing zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve, characterized in that: in a pressure-resistant reactor, an amorphous non-metallic oxide reactant dry gel is subjected to a vapor-solid phase reaction in a continuously flowing directing agent steam to be crystallized into a zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve crystal; the liquid hourly space velocity of the continuously flowing directing agent steam before vaporization is 1-50 hr¹, the pressure in the pressure-resistant reactor is 0.1-1.5 MP, and the reaction temperature is 100-200°C; the directing agent steam coming out of the reactor outlet is decompressed to normal pressure and then cooled to be recycled as a liquid.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the amorphous non-metallic oxide reactant dry gel to be crystallized is an amorphous silicon-aluminum-oxygen, silicon-aluminum-oxygen-phosphorus-oxygen or boron-containing porous glass reactant dry gel.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
   The silicon source used to prepare the silica-alumina-oxygen dry glue is liquid silica sol or water glass, solid silica gel or white carbon black, diatomaceous earth, the aluminum source is aluminum hydroxide, pseudo-diaspore or soluble aluminum salt, or kaolin is directly used as the silica-alumina-oxygen dry glue;
   Boron-containing porous glass is directly used as the silica-alumina-oxy-boron-oxygen dry glue; The phosphorus source used to prepare the silica-alumina-oxy-phosphorus-oxygen dry glue is phosphoric acid.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid hourly space velocity of the continuously flowing directing agent vapor before vaporization is 1-15 h¹.
5. A device for synthesizing zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve, characterized in that it is composed of a pressure-resistant reactor (1), a back-pressure valve (4), a cooling coil (7), a water cooler (8), a storage tank (10), a metering pump (11), a non-return valve (12), a vaporizing coil (13), and a heater (14) connected via pipelines; wherein the storage tank (10) is used to hold water or a mixed solution of water and an organic directing agent (9); the lower part of the storage tank (10) is connected to the metering pump (11), the non-return valve (12), the vaporizing coil (13), and the lower inlet of the pressure-resistant reactor (1) in sequence; the upper part of the storage tank (10) is connected to the cooling coil (7), the back-pressure valve (4), and the upper outlet of the pressure-resistant reactor (1) in sequence to form a circulation loop; the heater (14) is used to heat the vaporizing coil (13); and the water cooler (8) is used to cool the cooling coil (7); The heating furnace (6) is used to heat the pressure-resistant reactor (1); a porous pad (2) is provided in the pressure-resistant reactor (1), and the porous pad (2) is used to place the reactant dry glue (3); a pressure gauge (5) is connected to the pressure-resistant reactor (1); the water or the mixed solution (9) of water and organic directing agent in the storage tank (10) is pressurized by a metering pump (11), passes through a one-way valve (12), and is heated and vaporized into directing agent steam by an external heater (14) in a vaporizing coil (13), and then enters the pressure-resistant reactor (1) heated by the heating furnace (6), and undergoes a vapor-solid phase reaction with the reactant dry glue (3) placed on the porous pad (2) in the pressure-resistant reactor (1) to obtain zeolite molecular sieve or SAPO molecular sieve crystals; a back pressure valve (4) connected to the reactor outlet adjusts the directing agent steam pressure, and the pressure is measured by a pressure gauge (5) connected to the pressure-resistant reactor (1), and the back pressure valve (4) is connected to the reactor outlet to adjust the directing agent steam pressure. The pressure is measured by a pressure gauge (5) connected to the pressure-resistant reactor (1). The guiding agent which is decompressed to normal pressure by valve (4) is cooled into liquid in cooling coil (7) in water cooler (8) and then transported back to storage tank (10) for recycling.